Ibn an Nafis und seine Theorie des Lungenkreislaufs.

Ibn-al-Nafis, a Syrian physician, described the lesser circulation in his commentary on the anatomy of the Canon of Avicenna, 1268. This was discovered in three Arabic MSS by Mohyi el Din el Tatawi, who included a German translation in his inaugural dissertation, Der Lungenkreislauf nach el-Koraschi, Freiburg, 1924. According to E. J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam (1913-1936) p. 95, this dissertation was issued in only 5 manuscript copies. Meyerhof included 29 pages of Arabic text in the above paper, which appears to represent the first appearance of the relevant Arabic text of Ibn-al-Nafis in print. English translations are in Ann. Surg., 1936, 104, 1-8, and in Bull. med. Hist., 1955, 29, 430-40. See John B. West, "Ibn al-Nafis, the pulmonary circulation, and the Islamic Golden Age," J Appl Physiol (1985). 2008 Dec; 105(6): 1877–1880.