On a luminous appearance of the human eye, and its application to the detection of disease of the retina and posterior part of the eye.

While a student at the London Hospital, Cumming, by shading the eye of a fellow student from the light, was able to look directly into it and obtain both the retinal reflex and the white light from the entrance of the optic nerve. He made the first suggestion for the construction of a device for examining the fundus.