Facets

1772 CE

#921

De aëre fixo dicto, aut mephitico.

Discovery of nitrogen.

1849 CE

#1106

De cursu lymphae in vasis lymphaticis.

Noll advanced the theory that lymph is formed by the diffusion of fluids from the blood through the vessel walls into the surrounding tissues.

1685 CE

#1101

De ductu salivali novo, saliva, ductibus oculorum aquosis, et humore oculi aqueo.

Nuck’s name has been attached to the glands and duct described by him.

1562 CE

#1818

De gradibus, de compositionibus, et dosibus receptorum ac naturalium libri septem.

Paracelsus has been called by some “the pioneer of modern chemists” and by others “uncouth, boorish, vain, ignorant and pretentious”. His De gradibus contains most of his innovations in Chemica…

1652 CE

#1096

De lacteis thoracicis in homine brutisque.

Contains Bartholin’s discovery of the thoracic duct. English translation, 1653.

1627 CE

#1094

De lactibus sive lacteis venis.

Records the discovery of the lacteal vessels. While performing vivisection on a dog that had recently fed, Aselli noticed a network of vessels in the mesentery and along the peritoneal surface of the intestine. The ve…

1542 CE

#572

De naturali parte medicinae libri septem.

The earliest work devoted exclusively to physiology and the first to call the subject by that name. It was re-issued in 1554 as part of Fernel’s Medicina (No. 2271). Femel suggested that physicians should study …

1683 CE

#4162

De urinis et pulsibus de missione sanguinis de febribus de morbis capitis, et pectoris.

Bellini began to develop his hydraulic iatromechanics in this work, in which he considered the blood as a physical fluid with simple mechanical and mathematicizable properties. He realized the value of the urine as an…

1891 CE

#716

Der Abbau der Eiweissstoffe.

Drechsel discovered that the protein molecule contains both mono and di-amino acids.

1852 CE

#115

Der Kreislauf des Lebens.

This work attacked Liebig’s theories, although courteously. Moleschott, a Dutch physiologist, evolved a purely materialistic conception of the world. He considered life a magnificent metabolic process, and thoug…

1899 CE

#649.1

Der Lungengaswechsel des Menschen in den verschiedenen. Altersstufen.

The first systematic study of the basal metabolism of normal individuals from childhood to old age.

1926 CE

#3785

Der Morbus Gaucher und die ihm ähnlichen Erkrankungen. (Die lipoidzellige Splenohepatomegalie Typus Niemann und die diabetische Lipoidzellenhyperplasie der Milz.)

“Niemann-Pick disease” – a group of inherited, severe metabolic disorders, first noted by Albert Niemann in 1914, (No. 3784) in 1914. Pick’s account is of greater importance.

2003 CE

#14300

Design of a novel globular protein fold with atomic-level accuracy.

Called, "the breakthrough in computational de novo protein design." This was the proof of concept paper that computers and AI could be used to predict protein structures accurately and much faster than with convention…

1905 CE

#728

Die Abbau aromatischer Fettsäuren im Tierkörper.

ß-oxidation theory.

1917 CE

#742

Die Berechnung der Wasserstoffzahl des Blutes aus der freien und gebundenen Kohlensäure desselben, und die Sauerstoffbindung des Blutes als Funktion der Wasserstoffzahl.

Henderson-Hasselbalch equation for the determination of pH concentration in the blood. English translation in No. 1588.16. For Henderson's papers see No. 9645.

1885 CE

#9544

Die elephantiastischen Formen. Eine umfassende Darstellung der angeborenen und erworbenen Elephantiasis sowie aller verwandten Leiden.

This atlas illustrates the various changes that occur under the collective term elephantiasis, including tumors of the blood and lymphatic vessels, fibromas, neuromas, papillomas. Goldschmid 258.

1857 CE

#3765

Die Exstirpation der Milz am Menschen.

1902 CE

#1025

Die Gesetze des Energieverbrauchs bei der Ernährung.

Rubner’s classic work on the influence of foodstuffs on metabolism. In it he introduced the term “specific dynamic action of the foodstuffs”.

1897 CE

#11094

Die histochemischen und physiologischen Arbeiten. 2 vols.

In a letter to his uncle, the embryologist, Wilhelm His, written on December 17, 1892, and first published in this collected edition, Miescher described a kind of genetic code. He remarked how "some of the large molec…

1913 CE

#11438

Die Kinetik der Invertinwirkung.

The Michaelis-Menten equation, which showed that the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction is proportional to the amount of the enzyme-substrate complex. This relationship between reaction rate and enzyme–substra…

1862 CE

#1108

Die Lymphgefässe und ihre Beziehung zum Bindegewebe.

“Recklinghausen’s canals”, the lymph canaliculi.

1972 CE

#12526

Die Natur- und Geheimwissenschaften im Islam.(Handbuch der Orientalistik, 1. Abteilung, Ergänzungsband VI, 2).

Concerns zoology, botany, mineralogy, alchemy, astrology, magic, agriculture, the largest section being devoted to alchemy.

1842 CE

#677

Die organische Chemie in ihrer Anwendung auf Physiologie und Pathologie.

First classification of the organic foodstuffs and the processes of nutrition. With this book Liebig introduced the concept of metabolism into physiology. English translation, London, 1842.

1876 CE

#696

Die quantitative Spectralanalyse in ihrer Anwendung auf Physiologie, Physik, Chemie und Technologie.

Vierordt’s spectral analyses of hemoglobin, bile and urine were of great value. He studied the variations in the spectrum of oxyhemoglobin produced by different dilutions of this substance and was thus able to e…

1887 CE

#711

Die Rolle des osmotischen Druckes in der Analogic zwischen Lösungen und Gasen.

1874 CE

#11093

Die Spermatozoen einiger Wirbelthiere. Ein Beitrag zur Histochemie.

Miescher first isolated DNA and identified it as an acid through chemical analysis of salmon spermatozoa. See Ralf Dahm, "Discovering DNA: Friedrich Miescher and the early years of nucleic acid research," Human Geneti…

1910 CE

#740

Die Theorie des Haftdrucks (Oberflächendrucks) und ihre Bedeutung für die Physiologie.

1852 CE

#999

Die Verdauungssäfte und der Stoffwechsel.

Even after the work of Prout and Beaumont, some physiologists thought that the free acid of the gastric juice was lactic acid; Bidder and Schmidt finally proved that normally the gastric juice always contains HCl in e…

1665 CE

#1099

Dilucidatio valvularum in vasis lymphaticis et lacteis.

First description of the valves of the lymphatics, discovered by Ruysch. Facsimile reprint, Niewkoop, De Graaf, 1964.

1754 CE

#919

Dissertatio medica inauguralis de humore acido a cibis orto, et magnesia alba.

Isolation of carbon dioxide. English translation, Minneapolis, 1973.

1977 CE

#6883

DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors.

Sanger and colleagues developed methods for rapid sequencing of long sections of DNA molecules. Sanger’s method, and that developed by Gilbert and Maxam, made it possible to read the nucleotide sequence for enti…

1843 CE

#992.3

Du suc gastrique et de son rôle dans la nutrition.

Bernard showed that if sucrose is injected directly into the blood it is eliminated by the kidneys while glucose is retained, and that gastric juice transforms sucrose into assimilable sugar. See F. J. Holmes, Claude …

1866 CE

#3119

Ein Fall von Anaemia splenica bei einem Kinde

First reported case of (infantile) splenic anemia.

1937 CE

#12832

Electrophoresis of serum globulin. II- Electrophoretic analysis of normal and immune sera.

Tiselius showed that an antibody that he produced in a rabbit by immunizing it with albumin (ovalbumin) was clearly located in the gamma globulin fraction. He summarized the paper with this statement: "Investigation o…

1732 CE

#666.1

Elementa chemiae. 2 vols.

Boerhaave was the first to separate out urea from urine, and to do so without adding chemical substances such as alcohol or nitric acid. He first published his method for isolating it in the above work. English transl…

1855 CE

#8809

Elephantiasis orientalis, and especially elephantiasis genitalis in Bengal.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1994 CE

#11506

English manuscripts of Francis Glisson (1): from Anatomia hepatis (The anatomy of the liver), 1654. Cambridge Wellcome Texts and Documents, no. 3. Edited by Andrew Cunningham.

Publishes for the first time the surviving partial English text of Glisson's book on the liver, and of the work's postscript on the lymphatic system. Glisson wrote in English, but his text was translated into Latin fo…

1883 CE

#703

Enny Methode til kvaelstofbestemmelse i organiske Stoffer.

Kjeldahl, a Danish chemist, devised a method of determining the amount of nitrogen in an organic compound (“Kjeldahl’s method”). A German translation is in Z. anal. Chem., 1883, 22, 366-82.

1985 CE

#10785

Enzymatic amplication of B-globin genomic sequences and restriction site analysis for diagnosis of sickle cell anemia.

Polymerase chain reaction first published. With Randall K. Saiki, Stephen Scharf, Fred Faloona et al. Order of authorship in the original paper was Saiki, Scharf, Faloona, Mullis.... In 1993 the Nobel Prize in Chemist…

1965 CE

#14311

Enzymatic basis for the active transport of sodium and potassium across the cell membrane.

Skou discovered that the active transport of sodium and potassium is carried out in the cell membrane by an enzyme that serves as a sodium and potassium "pump," that catalyzes ATP hydrolysis. He named the enzyme "sodi…

1947 CE

#751.4

Enzymatic reactions in carbohydrate metabolism.

In 1947 Carl Cori and his wife Gerty Cori (1896-1957) shared the Nobel Prize (with Houssay) “for their discovery of the course of the catalytic conversion of glycogen.” They are more often remembered for t…

1955 CE

#752.3

Enzymatic synthesis of nucleic acidlike polynucleotides.

Ochoa shared the Nobel Prize with Arthur Kornberg in 1959 for their artificial synthesis of nucleic acids by means of enzymes. Order of authorship in the original publication: Ochoa, Grunberg-Manago, Ortiz. See also O…

1956 CE

#752.4

Enzymic synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid.

In 1959 Kornberg shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Severo Ochoa "for their discovery of the mechanisms in the biological synthesis of ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid." Order of authorshi…

1680 CE

#3761

Esperienze del Dottor Giuseppe Zambeccari intorno a diverse viscere tagliate a diversi animali viventi.

Proof that the spleen is not essential to life. For a translation and notes on the book, see Bull. Hist. Med., 1941, 9, 144-76, 311-31 (S. Jarcho).

2005 CE

#13769

Essentials of medical geology: Impacts of the natural environment on public health. Editor-in-chief: Olle Selinus.

"... emphasizes the importance and interrelationships of geological processes to the health and diseases of humans and animals. Its accessible format fosters better communication between the health and geoscience comm…

1793 CE

#1386.1

Examen chimique du cerveau de plusieurs animaux.

Fourcroy, French physician and chemist, made important researches on the chemistry of the brain. He noted albumen (protein) as a principal constituent.

1677 CE

#1100

Exercitatio anatomico-medica de glandulis intestinorum, earumque usu et affectionibus.

Independently of Bartholin and Rudbeck, George Joyliffe (1621-58) observed the lymphatics. He communicated his discovery to Glisson early in 1652 and the latter included an account in the above work (Cap. xxxi). See N…

1651 CE

#1095

Experimenta nova anatomica, quibus incognitum chyli receptaculum, et ab eo per thoracem in ramos usque subclavis vasa lactea deteguntur.

Pecquet discovered the thoracic duct in dogs and its relation to the lacteals. Using a dog that was digesting, he described the thoracic duct, its entry into the subclavian veins, and the receptaculum chyli or chyle r…

1979 CE

#14206

Experimental evidence in support of an extra-terrestrial trigger for the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinctions. (Abstract).

Iridium is a very rare element in the Earth's crust, but is found in anomalously high concentrations (around 1000 times greater than normal) in a thin worldwide layer of clay marking the boundary between the Cretaceou…

1774 CE

#1102

Experimental inquiries: Part the second. Containing a description of the lymphatic system in the human subject and in other animals. Together with observations on the lymph, and the changes which it undergoes in some diseases.

Hewson gave the first complete account of the anatomical peculiarities of the lymphatics. He divided the lymphatics into two groups – superficial and deep. He described the leucocytes as derived from the lymphat…