Facets

1997 CE

#14274

The capsaicin receptor: a heat-activated ion channel in the pain pathway.

"Abstract: Capsaicin, the main pungent ingredient in ‘hot’ chilli peppers, elicits a sensation of burning pain by selectively activating sensory neurons that convey information about noxious stimuli to the…

1959 CE

#2578.31

The clonal selection theory of acquired immunity. The Abraham Flexner Lectures of Vanderbilt University 1958.

Burnet's clonal selection theory extended the idea that each antibody-producing cell makes antibodies of only one specificity, predicting these cells proliferate in response to the detection of antigens, cloning and t…

2014 CE

#7289

The complete genome sequence of a Neanderthal from the Altai Mountains.

First complete sequence of a Neanderthal genome. With more than 20 co-authors. In 2022 Pääbo was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for his discoveries concerning the genomes of extinct homin…

1924 CE

#1305

The compound nature of the action current of nerve as disclosed by the cathode ray oscillograph.

In 1944 Erlanger and Gasser shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for their discoveries regarding the highly differentiated functions of single nerve fibers."

1969 CE

#2578.39

The covalent structure of an entire ÁG immunoglobulin molecule.

Complete sequence of an immunoglobulin molecule. With five coauthors. In 1972 Edelman shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with R. R. Porter “for their discoveries concerning the chemical structure o…

1949 CE

#4508

The effects of a hormone of the adrenal cortex (17-hydroxy-11-dehydrocorticosterone: compound E) and of pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone on rheumatoid arthritis.

Introduction of cortisone and A.C.T.H. in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. With C. H. Slocumb, and H. F. Polley. In 1950 Hench and Kendall shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Tadeusz Reichstein (No…

1920 CE

#659

The four phases of heat-production of muscle.

Hill and Hartree made valuable contributions to the knowledge of the thermodynamics of muscle. See also Physiol. Rev., 1922, 2, 310-41, and Hill, A. V., Trails and trials in physiology: a bibliography 1909-1964, 1965.…

1974 CE

#9941

The genetics of CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS.

In 2002 Brenner shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in Physiology or Medicine with H. Robert Horvitz and John Sulston "for their discoveries concerning genetic regulation of organ development and programm…

1971 CE

#14258

The hippocampus as a spatial map. Preliminary evidence from unit activity in the freely-moving rat.

See also: O'Keefe, "Place units in the hippocampus of the freely moving rat," Experimental Neurology, 51 (1976) 78–109. O’Keefe and his student Jonathan Dostrovsky discovered place cells in the hippocampus…

1980 CE

#14256

The identification of 23 complementation groups required for post-translational events in the yeast secretory pathway.

See also: Novick, P., Ferro, S. and Schekman, R. "Order of events in the yeast secretory pathway," Cell, 25, 1981, 461-469. In 1979 Schekman devised a genetic selection for temperature-conditional secretion-defective …

2009 CE

#10189

The imperial laboratory: Experimental physiology and clinical medicine in Post-Crimean Russia.

1968 CE

#13947

The integrated state of viral DNA in SV40-transformed cells.

Dulbecco and his group demonstrated that the infection of normal cells with certain types of viruses (oncoviruses) led to the incorporation of virus-derived genes into the host-cell genome, and that this event lead to…

1906 CE

#1432

The integrative action of the nervous system.

Sherrington insisted that the essential function of the nervous system was the co-ordination of activities of the various parts of the organism. His work on the nervous system, especially his experimental studies of r…

1922 CE

#3966

The internal secretion of the pancreas. (Abstract).

A preliminary one-page communication regarding the isolation of insulin, made to a meeting of the American Physiological Society in December 1921. Digital facsimile from insulin.library.utoronto.ca at this link. In 19…

1939 CE

#1081

The isolation of vitamin K1.

Order of authorship in the original publication: Binkley, MacCorquodale, Thayer, Doisy. In 1943 Doisy received half of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for his discovery of the chemical nature of vitamin K."…

1957 CE

#752.5

The nature and mode of action of oxidation enzymes. Nobel Lecture, December 12, 1955. In: Festschrift Arthur Stoll, pp. 35-47.

In 1955 Theorell was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for his discoveries relating to the nature and mode of action of oxidation enzymes."

1980 CE

#14246

The obligatory role of endothelial cells in the relaxation of arterial smooth muscle by acetylcholine.

In 1978 Furchgott discovered a substance in endothelial cells that relaxes blood vessels, calling it endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF). By 1986, he had worked out EDRF's nature and mechanism of action, and de…

1950 CE

#12063

The origin and behavior of mutable loci in maize.

"In the summer of 1944 at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, McClintock systematic studies on the mechanisms of the mosaic color patterns of maize seed and the unstable inheritance of this mosaicism.[44] She identified tw…

1994 CE

#9890

The physical and the moral: Anthropology, physiology, and philosophical medicine in France, 1750-1850.

1938 CE

#1532

The responses of single optic nerve fibers of the vertebrate eye to illumination of the retina.

Hartline continued and extended the work initiated by Adrian and Matthews on electrical discharges from the optic nerve. See also his later papers In the same journal, 1940, 130, 690-711. Reprinted with historical int…

1965 CE

#14244

The stimulation of epidermal proliferation by a specific protein (EGF).

Discovery of Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF). In 1986 Cohen shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Rita Levi-Montalcini "for their discoveries of growth factors."

1962 CE

#1931.4

The structure of prostaglandin E, F1 and F2.

In this and subsequent papers Bergström and Samuelsson elucidated the chemical structure of prostaglandins. In 1982 the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded jointly to Sune K. Bergström, Bengt I…

1951 CE

#13595

The technique of free skin grafting in mammals.

This "paper facilitated the later discovery of `actively acquired tolerance' and the definition of the principal laws of transplantation tolerance. Thus, it was in a series of classic experiments (stemming from this J…

1937 CE

#5467

The use of yellow fever virus modified by in vitro cultivation for human immunization.

Immunization without the use of immune serum. In 1951 Theiler was awared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for his discovery of an effective vaccine against yellow fever." This was the first Nobel Prize award…

1996 CE

#14252

Toward a molecular definition of long-term memory storage.

"Abstract: The storage of long-term memory is associated with a cellular program of gene expression, altered protein synthesis, and the growth of new synaptic connections. Recent studies of a variety of memory process…

1975 CE

#14249

Transfer of proteins across membranes. I. Presence of proteolytically processed and unprocessed nascent immunoglobulin light chains on membrane-bound ribosomes of murine myeloma. II. Reconstitution of functional rough microsomes from heterologous components.

"In 1975 Günther Blobel showed that in certain cases amino acids in a protein serve as an address label that determines where a protein is to be delivered. Amino acid sequences determine whether a protein is to b…

1978 CE

#13540

Transmissible agent in non-A, non-B hepatitis.

The first paper recording the discovery of what was, eleven years later in 1989, named the hepatitis C virus (see No. 12653). Harvey Alter and colleagues inoculated the serum/plasma of 4 patients with non-A/non-B hepa…

1997 CE

#13541

Transmission of hepatitis C by intrahepatic inoculation with transcribed RNA.

Rice and colleagues constructed a viral RNA genome with the 3’ region and a consensus region to exclude potential inactivating mutations, which was then injected into the liver of chimps. That RNA, specifically …

1971 CE

#4729.2

Transmission of two subacute spongiform encephalopathies of man (Kuru and Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease) to New World monkeys.

Following Hadlow's suggestion (1959), Gadjusek was able to transmit Kuru and Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease to primates through cerebral inoculations. Similarity in the clinical course of the diseases and in the cell…

1908 CE

#4235

Transplantation in mass of the kidneys.

Carrel revolutionized vascular surgery. He transplanted the kidney from one animal to another, an operation later carried out successfully in man. For his earlier work on vascular anastomosis and transplantation of vi…

1980 CE

#14255

Transport of vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein in a cell-free extract.

See also: Fries & Rothman, "Transitent activity of Golgi-like membranes as donors of vescular stomatitis viral glycoprotein in vitro," J. Cell. Biol., 90, 1981, 697-704. "Rothman's research[15] details how vesicles&md…

1926 CE

#3140

Treatment of pernicious anemia by a special diet.

Introduction of raw liver diet in the treatment of pernicious anemia. This treatment ranks as one of the greatest modern advances in therapy. See also the later paper in the same journal, 1927, 89,759-66. Reprinted in…

1982 CE

#14266

Tumor-specific antigen of murine T-lymphoma defined with monoclonal antibody.

In 1982 Allison discovered the T-cell receptor. Order of authorship in the original publication: Allison, Bloch, McIntyre.

1936 CE

#1153

Über Bestandteile der Nebennieren-Rinde. VI. Trennungsmethoden sowie Isolierung der Substanzen Fa, H, und j.

Isolation of Compound Fa, identical with Compounds E and F. "In the mid-1930s Edward Kendall and Tadeus Reichstein succeeded in isolating and analyzing the composition of a number of similar hormones derived from the …

1933 CE

#1570.1

Über den Knall und die Theorie des Hörens.

In 1961 Békésy was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for his discoveries of the physical mechanism of stimulation within the cochlea." English translation in Békésy, Experi…

1934 CE

#1201

Über die Synthese des Testikelhormons (Androsteron) und Stereoisomerer desselben durch Abbau hydrierter Sterine.

First complete synthesis of a sex hormone (androsterone). With M. W. Goldberg, J. Meyer, H. Brüngger, and E. Eichenberger. In 1939 Ruzicka shared the 1939 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Butenandt (No. 1195) "for h…

1924 CE

#530

Über Induktion von Embryonalanlagen durch Implantation artfremder Organisatoren.

This was Hilde Mangold's thesis. Spemann designed the experiment, and Mangold performed the work, and was the co-discoverer of the "organizer," the chemical that directs the embryonic development of tissues and organs…

1944 CE

#1928.3

Über Konstitution und toxische Wirkung von natürlichen und neuen synthetischen insektentötenden Stoffen.

Müller introduced Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethane (DDT) as an insecticide. With H. Martin and P. Läuger. In 1948 Müller received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for his discovery of the high ef…

1918 CE

#959

Ueber das Vorkommen des Coferments des alcoholischen Hefegärung im Muskelgewebe und seine muttmassliche Bedeutung im Atmungsmechanismus.

In 1922 Meyerhof was awarded half of the Nobel Prize in Pysiology or Medicine "for his discovery of the fixed relationship between the consumption of oxygen and the metabolism of lactic acid in the muscle." The other …

1890 CE

#2544

Ueber das Zustandekommen der Diphtherie-Immunität und der Tetanus-Immunität bei Thieren.

Antitoxins and their immunizing powers were discovered when Behring and Kitasato published their paper dealing with immunity to tetanus and diphtheria. This work laid the foundation of all future treatment with antito…

1918 CE–1919 CE

#4806

Ueber die Einwirkung der Malaria auf die progressive Paralyse.

In 1917 Wagner von Jauregg returned to the idea of the inoculation of paretics with malaria to induce pyrexia, first proposed by him in 1887 (Ueber die Einwirkung fieberhafter Erkrankungen auf Psychosen, Jb. Psychiat.…

1921 CE–1922 CE

#1343

Ueber humorale Uebertragbarkeit der Herznervenwirkung.

Loewi’s important experiments firmly established the theory of chemical intermediaries in nervous reactions. In 1936 Loewi shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Dale "for discoveries related to c…

1929 CE

#969

Ueberden Absorptionsspektrum des Atmungsferments.

Warburg discovered the nature and function of the respiratory ferment. In 1931 Warburg was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme."

1901 CE

#840

Un nouveau galvanomètre.

Einthoven directed much of his research to the development and perfection of recording instruments. His most famous work was in connexion with his string galvanometer, a perfection of the instrument invented by J. S. …

1881 CE

#5236

Un nouveau parasite trouvé dans le sang plusieurs malades atteints de fièvre palustre.

Laveran first saw the malaria parasite on 20 October 1880; he at once recognized its significance. He named it Oscillaria malariae. English translation in Kean (No. 2268.1). Laveran also published a monograph on the d…

1983 CE

#8475

Unidentified curved bacilli on gastric epithelium in active chronic gastritis.

In 2005 Marshall and Warren shared the Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine "for their discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease." See also their follow-up pape…

1906 CE

#3401

Untersuchungen über den vom Vestibularapparat des Ohres reflektorisch ausgelösten Rhythmischen und seine Begleiterscheinungen.

Bárány’s pointing test for the localization of circumscribed cerebellar lesions. Republished in book form, Berlin, 1906. In 1914 Bárány was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Me…

1913 CE

#2640

Untersuchungen über eine Nematode (Spiroptera sp. n.) und deren Fähigkeit papillomatöse und carcinomatose Geschwulstbildungen im Magen der Ratte hervorzurufen.

Fibiger demonstrated that the roundworm, which he called Spiroptera carcinoma (but is correctly named Gongylonema neoplasticum), could cause stomach cancer (squamous cell carcinoma) in rats and mice. His experimental …

1970 CE

#2660.22

Viral RNA-dependent DNA polymerase: RNA-dependent DNA polymerase in virions of RNA tumour viruses.

In 1970 Baltimore and Temin discovered that certain viruses that have their genes in the form of RNA can copy the RNA "backward" into DNA in infected cells. The enyzme, reverse transcriptase, enables the manufacture o…

1933 CE

#1535

Vitamin A in the retina.

Through his research on xerophthalmia, karatomalacia and night blindness Wald revealed the critical function of vitamin A in normal vision and visual pathology. (Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and their inter…